Kamis, 29 April 2010

ADJECTIVE AND ADVERB

Adjectives add to the meaning of nouns.
Adverbs add to the meaning of verbs.

Contoh:
1. This is an egg. This is a bad egg.
2. She is wearing a dress. She is wearing a short white dress.
3. The children are playing on the yellow sand or bathing in the blue water.
The words bad, short, white, yellow, blu add to the meaning of nouns egg, dress, sand, water.
The words bad, short, white, yellow, blue are adjectives.

Contoh:
1. He is running quickly
2. They are swimming badly.
3. A big girl is walking slowly.
The words quickly, badly, slowly add to the meaning of the verbs is running, are swimming, is walking.
The words quickly, badly, slowly are adverbs.

Adverbs are often made by adding –ly to the adjectives.
Contoh:
bad → badly
(adjective) (adverb)
slow → slowly
(adjective) (adverb)
bright → brightly
(adjective) (adverb)


Perkecualian:
good → well
(adjective) (adverb)

Contoh:
1. He is a good swimmer. He swims well.
2. Mr. A pronounces English badly. Mr. B pronounces English well.

Put in the right word in the following
1. He swims _______ (good, well)
2. That is a _______ (well, good)
3. Henry writes _______ (badly, bad)
4. He speaks English _______ (good, well)
5. He speaks _______ English (good, well)

Choose the correct word (adjective or adverb)
1. George is a (careless, carelessly) writer. He writes (careless, carelessly).
2. Frank asked me an (easy, easily) question. I answered it (easy, easily).
3. Sally speaks (soft, softly). She has a (soft, softly) voice.
4. I entered the classroom (quiet, quietly) because I was late.
5. Ali speaks English very (good, well). He has very (good, well) pronunciation.

ADVERB

Adverb (kata keterangan) adalah kata yang menambahkan informasi mengenai cara, waktu, atau tempat. Dengan kata lain, adverb menjawab pertanyaan How (bagaimana), Where (di mana), dan When (kapan). Oleh karena itu, adverb terdiri dari beberapa jenis.

1. Adverb of Time (kata keterangan waktu)
Adverb of time menjawab pertanyaan when (kapan).
Contoh: We are going to have a holiday tomorrow. Tomorrow = kata keterangan waktu.
Kita dapat mengetahui bahwa tomorrow (besok) adalah kata keterangan waktu dengan cara bertanya, when are we going to have a holiday? Jawabannya: tomorrow.
Kata keterangan waktu dapat ditempatkan di awal ataupun di akhir kalimat. Kita dapat mengatakan We are going to have a holiday tomorrow atau Tomorrow we are going to have a holiday.

2. Adverb of Place (kata keterangan tempat)
Adverb of Place menjawab pertanyaan where (dimana).
Contoh: she is standing there. There adalah kata keterangan tempat.
Kita dapat mengetahui bahwa kata there (disana) adalah kata keterangan tempat dengan cara bertanya, where is she standing? Jawabannya: there.
Adverb of place ditempatkan setelah kata kerja (dalam kalimat di atas, kata kerjanya adalah standing).

3. Adverb of Frequency (kata keterangan yang menunjukkan frekuensi)
Dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, berbagai kegiatan yang kita lakukan memiliki frekuensi yang berlainan.
Misalnya: We always go to school everyday. When we have spare time we often gather with our family. But we seldom meet our family who live far away. Even, we never hear their news.
Kata always (selalu), often (sering), seldom (jarang), never (tidak pernah) adalah kata keterangan yang menunjukkan frekuensi.
Adverb of frequency menjawab pertanyaan How often (seberapa sering).

Contoh: We always go to school everyday. Always adalah kata keterangan frekuensi.
Kita dapat mengetahui bahwa always (selalu) adalah kata keterangan frekuensi dengan cara bertanya, how often do we go to school everyday? Jawabannya: always.

4. Adverb of Manner (kata keterangan cara)
Kata keterangan berfungsi menambah makna pada kata lain, baik kata sifat maupun kata kerja. Adverb of manner menambahkan makna pada kata kerja, yaitu memberikan keterangan mengenai bagaimana sesuatu itu dikerjakan.
Contoh: he walks slowly. Kata slowly adalah kata keterangan cara.
Adverb of manner menjawab pertanyaan How (bagaimana)
Kita dapat mengetahui bahwa slowly (dengan lambat) adalah kata keterangan cara dengan cara bertanya, how does he walk? Jawabannya: slowly

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